Market integration and TSO-DSO coordination for viable Market-based congestion management in power systems

The article presents the findings on market-based congestion management (CM) in power systems. The main idea is to unlock flexibility from both small and large-scale resources by creating a platform so that flexibility can enter the markets through the platform and be used by system operators (DSOs and TSOs) for CM. The article recognizes two pressing issues in market-based CM: low liquidity and adverse impacts of flexibility activation. The article proposes leveraging market integration and TSO-DSO coordination to address the pressing problems and incorporate them into the platform. Bids from the intraday market at Nord Pool as well as the balancing market bids, were used for CM to show the possibility of addressing the low liquidity issue by receiving bids from well-established markets. In TSO-DSO coordination, an algorithm-agnostic process is proposed and implemented to involve SOs' network limitations before flexibility is traded to mitigate the adverse impacts of flexibility activation. As the market integration and TSO-DSO coordination functionalities rely on flexibility-related data that are often in huge quantities, a metadata register is also implemented to gather, process, and store data to be smoothly accessed by different stakeholders depending on their needs and access rights.Peer reviewe

ICT architectures for TSO-DSO coordination and data exchange: a European perspective

The coordination between system operators is a key element for the decarbonization of the power system. Over the past few years, many EU-funded research projects have addressed the challenges of Transmission System Operators (TSO) and Distribution System Operators (DSO) coordination by implementing different data exchange architectures. This paper presents a review of the ICT architectures implemented for the main coordination schemes demonstrated in such projects. The main used technologies are analyzed, considering the type of data exchanged and the communication link. Finally, the paper presents the different gaps and challenges on TSO-DSO coordination related to ICT architectures that must still be faced, paying especial attention to the expected contribution of the EU-funded OneNet project on this topic. IEEECoordiNet H202

Fiscal Policy Effects on Economic Growth: Short Run vs Long Run

There are two important aspects to take into account while analysing fiscal policy effects on economic growth. First, it should be made clear whether Keynesian short-run or classical long-run effects are the object of interest. Second, the relations between different fiscal and macroeconomic variables should be identified – all possible simultaneous changes in other fiscal and macroeconomic indicators should be taken account of while analysing the effect of any fiscal policy decision on economic growth. As demonstrated in this article, Keynesian principles do not seem to hold as fiscal policy cannot have any remarkable impact on economy in a short run. But it is confirmed that in the long run, expansionary fiscal policies are not beneficial to the economy generally. For a government it is essential to recognise that changes in different revenue and expenditure categories may have the same impact on budget balance and on total government revenue and expenditure but they have different effects on economic growth in the long run. For example, fiscal policy decisions have different effects depending on whether to save increased revenue, to spend it for current expenditure or to use it for public investment.fiscal policy, economic growth, budget deficit, government revenue, government expenditure, taxes

Large-scale TSO-DSO-Consumer demonstrations of innovative system services through DR, storage and small-scale DG

Demonstrate the activation and provision of services through a TSO-DSO coordination. Define and test standard products that provide services to the network operators. Develop a TSO-DSO-consumer collaboration platform in demonstration areas to pave the way for the interoperable development of a pan-European market

Wild plants eaten in childhood: A retrospective of Estonia in the 1970s-1990s

In this ethnobotanical study, the authors provide the first quantitative analysis of the use of wild edible plants in Estonia, describing the domains and assessing the food importance of different species. The information was collected using free-listing written questionnaires and concerned plants used by the respondents in their childhood. As part of a major study, this article covers the responses of professionals with some botanical education at vocational or university level, to ensure the greatest possible reliability without using voucher specimens. Fifty-eight respondents provided information on the use of 137 plant taxa, corresponding to approximately 6% of the native and naturalized vascular plants of Estonia. According to use frequency, the most typical wild food plant of Estonia is a fruit, eaten raw as a snack. The results clearly signal that the majority of famine and food shortage plants had already been forgotten by the end of the 20th century, but new plants have been introduced as green vegetables for making salads. Despite changes in the nomenclature of the plants, the use of wild food plants in Estonia was still thriving at the turn of the 20th century, covering many domains already forgotten in urbanized modern Europe. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London